The HIV Viruses and Their Epidemiology
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HIV-1: a rapidly mutating virus eventually producing divergent quasi-species. More virulent and rapidly progressive than HIV-2.
HIV-2: predominantly found in West Africa but has been recently reported in India and South America. Viral loads (VLs) independent of the duration of infection.
HIV-1 and 2 are classified into groups according to their genetic diversity.
HIV-1
Group M (main group): further divided into subtypes or clades with at least 11 genetically distinct subtypes, A1, A2, B, C, D, (E now considered a circulating recombinant form, CRF01_AE), F1, F2, G, H, J, and K (I now considered a circulating recombinant form). Some variants are termed U category i.e.
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