Examination of the Eyes, Ears, Nose, Mouth, and Throat in Infants

Examination of the Eyes, Ears, Nose, Mouth, and Throat in Infants

A description of a portion of the eye examination appears earlier (see Examination of the Face). The eyes of newborns may be opened or closed, and it is sometimes difficult to see the infant’s opened eyes; this may be possible by holding the infant with one hand on its bottom and the other supporting the head. Slowly raising the infant from a supine to a more upright position may make the infant open its eyes. Further examination of the sclerae, conjunctivae, corneas, irises, and pupils is necessary.
Subconjunctival hemorrhage, either unilateral or bilateral, may be present; this is not associated with internal damage to the eye, is secondary to the trauma of the

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